Micro And Macro Environment Analysis Of Disneyland Tourism Essay

Micro And Macro Environment Analysis Of Disneyland Tourism Essay Upon review the Disneyland operation in different regions that appear many opportunities and challenges, which are facing to Disneyland. Since the major challenge is cultural crash in different areas that vary from region to region, which together with the problems of Disneylands standardization structure. In the past, Disneyland has difficulty when dealing with the employees in 2006 of Hong Kong Disney that led to high level of anger among dissatisfied. The top management in Disneyland tries to cope with cultural in overseas to solve the problems of conflicts between the employers and employees towards. On the other hand, Disneyland tries every mean to adapt more to the local environment in order to facilitate the local customers needs and wants. The Walt Disney Company is in the entertainment industry that is tending to spread more globally throughout the world. History and Company Background of Disneyland The Walt Disney Theme Park was founded over 80 years that the first Disneyland is lunched in USA, which is going to expand to new territories that go further to market globalization in universal. There is total 11 theme park in worldwide that contain Paris, Tokyo, Honk Kong and Shanghai in future. (DISNEY, 2010) Mission of Disneyland That is to deliver quality entertainment experience to all ages with the messages Dream come true and focus on the Imagineering that focus to provide and create magic hours to all guests and visitors. Context Analysis This will go on to analysis the marketing environment that consists of micro-environment and macro-environment. The micro-environment concerns the internal factors affecting The Walt Disney Company whereas the macro-environment concerns the external factors that can affect the micro-environment (Kolter, Bowen Makens, 2006). SWOT Analysis of Walt Disney Company There are four things an organization should consider and analyze during various stages throughout the fiscal year that are crucial to keeping up with the competition and giving a relatively accurate perspective on positioning. The SWOT analysis helps an organization understand the current and potential environment for their particular product and service (Hair, Lamb McDaniel, 2008) which allow adjusting the marketing tactics in order to help focus the strategies. That is going to analysis and recognizes the strengths and weaknesses are internal reflections, whereas the opportunities and threats are external reflections. Strengths Walt Disney Company has developed established and well known brand name and image over many years in the entertainment industry, which has long history and tradition that can facilitate traditional values (Datamonitor, 2007). In addition, Disneyland has many unique roles of characters and each of it has specific and attractive fairy tales hus, Disneyland are well equipping with broad product portfolio that consist of media networks, parks and resorts, studio entertainment and consumer products as different business segments with Imagineering section. Weaknesses Walt Disney Company is frequent change in top management level that let to miscommunication and a high chance for a bureaucracy between employers and employees, which cause of high turnover rate. Furthermore, Disneyland is mainly focus on standardization that each of the theme parks in different region is similar except the one in Tokyo. Since 1997 decreasing revenues and strong degreasing operating income no profitable unit Opportunities The markets of today are becoming more versatile to outsourcing and globalization. The trend towards globalization is not immune to the entertainment business and The Walt Disney Company is revealing this by expanding outside of the United States and offering theme parks in France, Japan and China. Threats Threats that are more prevalent in the era of globalization are the laws and regulations of other countries. There is a need for constant monitoring of the differences in the laws of other countries and the United States when organizations are outsourcing. Moreover, the theme parks must meet the safety regulations of the countries in which they operate in order to stay in business and maintain their international status. Furthermore, since the culture difference is vary from region to region that is hard to predict the right social development or interests of the target customers. As with any business a main aspect of the threat analysis is the competition. The Walt Disney Company and the theme park industry are many competitors like Universal Studios. In addition, there are many other less visible competitors that one might not naturally think of when assessing the competitive market in which Disney deals. For instance, there are various country parks like water parks that can also be considered as cheaper or more valuable competition for Disney. Competition, in any form, can diminish Disneys market share in the entertainment industry (Datamonitor, 2007 After analysis the external and internal environment of Walt Disney Company that has been figure out some of the problems should be aware afterwards. Key Issues The major existing problems facing by The Walt Disney Company that is highlighted the theme parks in Paris and Hong Kong. For the Disney of Paris has faulty or misguided during the planning of basic assumptions and forecasts. Disney failed to anticipate the major change of economy that European Recession during the Disney opened. Europe was in the middle of an economic slump with financial problem. Thus, this reduced the purchasing power at this time. The graph below illustrates the downturn in Frances GDP during this period (1992-1994), resulting in a reduction in disposable income among the French population. Moreover, Disney did not anticipate the culture differences of Europeans that incorporate with the language and eating habits, initially, banned alcohol in the park of the worlds largest wine consumption country. The cultural miscalculations with incorrect marketing plan of cross-cultural blunders occurred and were widely, even gleefully as the American cultural imperialism. Many additional internal and external factors contributed to the initial failure of Euro Disney, which are communication gaps, increasing interest rates, reduction in the real estate market, operational errors, and high labor costs all contributed to the $1 billion USD total loss. However, many of these factors have been thoroughly analyzed throughout the years. Fortunately for Disney, many of these factors were corrected. By 2008, Euro Disney was able to make a profit of $19 million HKD. Besides, Hong Kong Disney fails to reach target numbers of guest arrivals and fails to gain competitive advantages that due to poor management that fail to embrace the importance of corporate social responsibility planning in building up customer loyalty. Although Disney learned lessons and tried to avoid the same mistakes of cultural differences, the management has only focused on risk patterns rather than appraisal and learning about potential chance and risk. Disney had attempted entry into the growing Chinese market prior opening in china (Kolter Armstrong, 2006). Since the publication of fairy tales story books in Mandarin and creation of Disney character based on the Chinese traditional legend Mulan. Thus, Hong Kong Disneyland took the steps to avoid the cultural crashes which happened in France, by preparing the population for the entry of Disney and enabling the identification with Disney character and concepts (Jobber D., 2007). However, Hong Kong Disneyland admitted that the park had only attended around 4.5 million visitors in 2008 and so on in 2009. Apart from this, there are losing money according to the revenue and expenses that shown at the bellowing (HKDL, 2010). On the other hand, Tokyo Disney regarded as a great success with combined annual attendance and operating income, which is a joint venture operation model operated by Japanese. That successful reason is not only rely on à ¦- ¥Ãƒ ¦Ã…“ ¬Ãƒ ¤Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ºÃƒ ¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Ã‚ ªÃƒ ¥Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ±manageà §Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Ã‚ ªÃ†â€™Ã‚   no cultural crash that can à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. As the Japanese had a great interest in Western cultural and do love of fantasy and costume that main visitors of this theme park are the local residents of Japan in fact. Despite Japan is facing the problem of aging population, the management had set the slight on the growing elderly population as marketing strategy to deal with the problem of aging population. Tokyo Disneyland offers a cut-rate annual pass for visitor who aged 60 or above. This action arise the discussion that Disneyland is icons of entertainment for children, no matter this is the first time a special annual pass for seniors has been available, it also successes to take measure and addressed to the senior. (THINGSASIAN, 2008) http://www.thingsasian.com/stories-photos/29639 After the wavering beginnings of Euro Disney, management quickly learned many valuable lessons about international expansion and acted on these lessons to develop culturally accepted and profitable theme park. To prevent the consequences of the failure that is needed learn from the pervious experiences and clarify clearly about the key successful factors of managing global marketing strategies. Q1. The critical success factors in managing a global marketing strategy Business consultants thus contend that the key to successful international marketing for any business-whether a multinational corporation or a small entrepreneurial venture-is the ability to adapt, manage, and coordinate an intelligent plan in an unfamiliar (and sometimes unstable) foreign environment.

Image Guided Micro-needle Steering System for Eye Surgery

Image Guided Micro-needle Steering System for Eye Surgery Abstraction: This paper proposes the design of a complete state-of-the-art image guided micro-needle ( ex. subcutaneous, or chamfer tip acerate leafs ) maneuvering system, which can automatically present anticoagulant drugs straight to the blood coagulums in the retinal vass ; or, can help sawboness in the arrangement of optic micro-stent by augmenting their capablenesss and cut downing restrictions by bring forthing: ( 1 ) an offline optimum three dimensional ( 3D ) surgical flight program ; and later ( 2 ) steer them by placing the mirco-needle in an offline 3D precise map of the oculus. The system specification includes: ( 1 ) a eye/head-surgical stationary tool positioning system: A dynamic, adaptable, and stable mechanical interface between the caput and the robotic surgical tool, ( 2 ) a 3D/4D multi-modal ocular system, ( 3 ) an intelligently constrained 3D surgical trajectory/path-planning system, and a ( 4 ) ocular servo based automated gesture accountant. Introduction and Motivation This subdivision of the proposal paper, briefly, introduces the assorted oculus jobs to foreground the technological restrictions, and later emphasizes the importance of developing a smart dedicated optic surgical unit. Glaucoma is an oculus status which affects and later amendss the ocular nervus, which transmits images to our encephalon. The status is often characterized by the buildup of unwanted force per unit area within our eyes ; this force per unit area is called the intraocular force per unit area ( IOP ) . Once developed, the state of affairs bit by bit worsens, and can ensue in lasting vision loss. IOP, normally, develops when the circulation of the aqueous wit fluid is interrupted – possibly the circulating channel is clogged. To alleviate such force per unit area, the usual surgical process involves easing the flight of this force per unit area through trabeculectomy. Although trabeculectomy is the surgical criterion, nevertheless, there are hazards of complications ; such as infection, escape, and annoyance. On the other manus, Canaloplasty is, besides, a feasible non-penetrating surgical process for glaucoma patients. The technique places a micro-catheter or tubing in the Schle mm Canal, which is the natural drainage pipe for our eyes. This enlarges the canal and thereby expeditiously reduces force per unit area. Retinal vena occlusion ( RVO ) is a sort of aneurism in the retinal vena, which hardens the arterias and frequently inspired the formation of blood coagulum. RVO are of two types ( 1 ) cardinal vena or ( CRVO ) , and ( 2 ) subdivision venas or BRVO ; it blocks the little retinal venas that carry blood from the retina. Retina, as we know, is an of import tissue bed in our interior oculus ; positioned at the dorsum of the oculus, it is covered with specialised nervus cells that react to visible radiation and it converts them into nervus signals and sends them to the encephalon. Intuitively, similar to Glaucoma, RVO develops unwanted force per unit area on the retinal system. The most common intervention involves presenting anticoagulant drugs straight to blood coagulums in retinal vass cite { 6micm } . A possible fresh solution can be the precise arrangement of micro stent to make a new or an alternate tract for the extra fluid to run out, thereby commanding and cut downing the IOP ( blood, or aqueous wit ) . The thought is really similar to the coronary angioplasty. However, steering a surgical instrument into such complex environment is really slippery and physically really hard, if non impossible. To call a few: ( 1 ) an eye/head-surgical tool comparative motion, ( 2 ) surgeon’s manus shudder, ( 3 ) scratch and sutura truth, and most significantly ( 4 ) hapless visibleness. Such restrictions lead us to the inquiry, â€Å" extit { How make you successfully plan such a complex micro surgical process? } † Intuitively, it is apprehensible that recognizing such fresh surgical process would necessitate development of smart instruments or newer engineering. Computer vision, unreal intelligence, and robotics, over the old ages, have significantly revolutionized minimally invasive surgery: No average sternotomy, less opportunity of infections, less bleeding, therefore fewer yearss for recovery cite { ex1, ex2, ex3, ex4 } . Therefore, it is logical to anticipate that robotics can supply such smart option by significantly magnifying human physical capacity by shudder reduction/elimination, vision sweetening, and supplying cognition of the instruments’ probabilistically precise spacial location during the surgery. In this proposal paper we would wish to suggest a futuristic image guided micro-needle guidance robotic model which is specially designed to cut down the aforesaid surgical restrictions involved in oculus surgery. The system specification includes: ( 1 ) a eye/head-surgical stationary tool positioning system: A dynamic, adaptable, and stable mechanical interface between the caput and the robotic surgical tool, ( 2 ) a 3D/4D multi-modal ocular system, ( 3 ) an intelligently constrained 3D surgical trajectory/path-planning system, and a ( 4 ) ocular servo based automated gesture accountant. The grounds for taking a acerate leaf based surgical system are inspired from similar successful medical applications. Acerate leafs have been widely used in medical intervention for presenting drugs, minimally invasive acquisition of subsurface tissue cite { ex5, ex6 } . Accurate arrangement and interpolation can significantly find the success of a process cite { ex6 } . However, practically, a clinician has limited control over the way of the acerate leaf, once it enters into the tissue. Therefore, the ability to maneuver a needle inside tissue could significantly better the effectivity of acerate leafs based processs cite { reed } . The following logical inquiry is, â€Å" extit { Why choosing a robotic-artificially intelligent solution model? } Typically needle interpolation involves complex contact based mechanical interactions between the acerate leaf and the tissue. Furthermore, the needle arrangement process, sometimes, a consecutive lined executable interpolation is non realizable due to the placement of assorted critical anatomical constructions. Therefore, intuitively, the job of surgical way planning would hold been a batch relieved if the acerate leaf was cleverly dirigible cite { reed } . The staying portion of the paper is organized as follows. Section 2 explains the elaborate technology job and the associated environmental premises. Section 3 briefly outlines the cardinal mechanical design demand of the surgical unit: The Interface. Section 4 discusses the proposed novel 3D/4D multimodal ocular counsel system ; followed by the forced 3D surgical trajectory/path-planning system in subdivision 5. The ocular servo based optimum gesture accountant with be addressed in subdivision 6, followed by the decision in subdivision 7. The Engineering Problem and the Associated Assumptions To better understand the job, allow us visualise a medical exigency and futuristic robotic intercession. A pre-operative optical coherency tomographical ( OCT ) image of the retina indicates that a patient have retinal vena occlusion cite { 6micm, oct1 } . An offline 3D OCT based spacial map of the oculus was developed cite { oct1, oct2, oct3 } ; the map besides registered blood flow information based on Fourier sphere optical coherency tomographycite { oct4 } . Therefore, the optic Atlass would incorporate the vena construction and corresponding blood flow information. Based on the spacial place of the aneurism identified through the aforesaid offline optic 3D Atlass, an optimum surgical 3D plan/trajectory is determined cite { oct5 } . An image guided micro-needle ( ex. subcutaneous, or chamfer tip acerate leafs ) steering-robotic system, trusting on such information would automatically present anticoagulant drugs straight to the blood coagulums in the retinal vass ; or, can help sawboness in the arrangement of optic micro-stent by augmenting their capablenesss and cut downing restrictions by ( 1 ) cut downing shudder, ( 2 ) bring forthing an offline optimum three dimensional ( 3D ) surgical flight program, and later ( 3 ) steer them by placing the mirco-needle in an offline 3D OCT inspired theoretical account. Furthermore, the semi automated strategy would affect the surgeons’ having tactile feedback to enable tactual exploration and appropriate application of forces to weave cite { hap1 } . Therefore, the cloting drug is delivered automatically, or the optic micro-stent is placed semi-automatically. The premise of the system is that the patient undergoing the operation is, at least, locally anesthetized to immobilise the troubled oculus. The oculus palpebras are decently strapped, and the oculus is automatically held fixed with a microkeratome. Furthermore, as a safety step an oculus tracking device is invariably supervising the motion of the oculus and compensates consequently. The Interface: The Fundamental Mechanical Design Requirement The cardinal demands for the robotic unit are simple: ( 1 ) Zero comparative motion between the caput and the surgical acerate leaf, and ( 2 ) zero comparative motion between the acerate leaf and the oculus. This would be achieved automatically in a fresh manner. In the mechanical interface the acerate leaf based surgical unit is mounted on top of a stiff construction ; the construction is automatically attached to the caput. Therefore, any little motion of the caput is every bit translated in the acerate leaf. To contradict the quiver consequence, the surgical unit would hold its ain gesture feeling three dual-axis illumination MEMS accelerometers. An adaptative zero-phase filter will be implemented to separate the tremulous/vibrational motion from the intended controlled motion. Finally, the forward dynamic theoretical account would be feedback linked, through a PID gesture accountant, to the oculus tracking unit to guarantee robust steady coevals of control jurisprudence. The accountant would counterbalance for the comparative motions by debaring the acerate leaf in an equal but opposite gesture whihc minimizes a certain cost map. The cost map is related to the comparative motion of the tip from the coveted flight, this comparative motion can be detected by put ining a extremely magnified stereo imaging system. The apparatus would be really similar to the apparatus used to make the semiautomated intra-ocular optical maser surgery cite { ctrl1, ctrl2, ctrl3 } . However, in out instance acerate leaf is non seeable, therefore a shade acerate leaf will be tracked, where the comparative geometry between the shade acerate leaf and the existent acerate leaf is known. Other smarter accountant strategy, other than PID, can be used, nevertheless ; PID is the first to be tested. Towards aMulti-modalOffline Atlas for the Inter Ocular-Surgical Planning This subdivision explains the development of the fresh futuristic 3D/4D multimodal offline ocular representation of the human oculus. The thought is to unify complimentary imaging modes to make a 3D/4D offline map of the human oculus. The model consists of developing a 3D multimodal representation of the oculus, followed by extra 1D ocular augmentation by supplying vascular and corresponding blood/fluid flow information. The technique involves imaging the oculus utilizing three complimentary modes ( a ) Optical Coherence Tomography ( OCT ) , ( B ) Confocal Microscopy ( CM ) , and ( degree Celsius ) Ultrasound Biomicroscopy ( UBM ) ; these are all 3D imaging techniques, which provides complimentary information. OCT provides sub-millimeter declaration without the demand for ionising radiation and associated hazards, nevertheless, the built-in sprinkling of photons in the tissue leads to blurring of the acquired images cite { img11 } ; in add-on, OCT retinene imagination has been used to visualise the posterior pole in human eyes cite { img9 } . CM provides high declaration 3D images, rejects out-of-focus information, therefore ensuing in fuzz free images cite { img11 } . Finally, UBM uses high-frequency transducers to image organic structure structures at smaller deepness with a higher declaration cite { img11, img13, img14 } . These images are acquired offline, prior to the surgery, and registered uti lizing some technique to make elaborate 3D map of the oculus. The dimensional extension to 4D is achieved by overlapping blood flow and vascular information from extra imagination modes: ( a ) 3D Dual-beam-scan Doppler optical coherency angiography ( OCA ) , ( B ) Doppler optical coherency imaging ( OCT ) , ( degree Celsius ) Bioptigen spectral-domain OCT, and ( vitamin D ) 3D micro-computed imaging ( 3D micro-CT ) . OCA provides visual image of the vascular constructions cite { img3 } and has been shown to successfully image the microvasculature of the posterior portion of human oculus cite { img1 } . D-OCT, a derived function of OCT, can supply both structural 3D and functional blood flow information by uniting coherency gating and optical maser Doppler effects cite { img2 } . Furthermore, Fourier domain D-OCT techniques can bring forth 3D informations sets which can make 100s of 1000s of axial scans within a few seconds. These images can assist visualise the retinal and choroidal vasculature in 3D and, later compute absolute blood flow every bit good as entire retinal blood flow cite { img2, img3, img4 } . Finally, Bioptigen spectral-domain OCT and 3D micro-CT, both, have been used to image the 3D aqueous wit out flow information cite { img10 } . Constrained 3D/4D Surgical Trajectory/path-planning System The intraocular part of the human oculus is really complex, therefore the surgery would necessitate careful planning. We propose to implement the flight planning strategy see the extremely deformable kineticss of the environment cite { plan1 } . This technique uses optimum control technique and simulation to outputs the flight program which maximizes the chance of success while sing the uncertainly of the ( 1 ) distortion theoretical account, and ( 2 ) the systems’ noisy province detection, and ( 3 ) unpredictable propulsion strategy. The technique has been shown to be successful in FEM based surgical simulations affecting steering bevel-tip dirigible acerate leafs through pieces of deformable tissue around obstructions.

Teens and Plastic Surgery

Should teens get plastic surgery? Unlike adults who undergo plastic surgery to turn back the clock, some teenagers crave plastic surgery just to fit in. Many reports suggest that plastic surgery is now topping teen wish lists. This raises the question of whether teens are mature enough to be making a decision that poses risks and that will permanently change their appearance. The definition of plastic surgery is surgery to remodel, repair, or restore body parts, especially by the transfer of tissue (â€Å"Cosmetic surgery,† 2007).The most common surgical procedures performed on teens eighteen years and younger are otoplasty (ear surgery), rhinoplasty, breast reduction, and gynecomastia. Otoplasty was the most popular surgical procedures in 2010 (ASAPS, 2012, para. 4). Ear surgery is usually recommended for children age five or six, but can be done as young as four years old. Correcting the ears prior to the child beginning school helps eliminate psychological trauma from teasi ng. Rhinoplasty is a nose reshaping procedure.The procedure can be done when the nose has completed ninety percent of its growth, which occurs as early as age thirteen to fourteen in girls and fifteen to sixteen in boys (ASAPS, 2012, para. 5). Breast reduction is performed on females with overly large breasts that may cause back and shoulder pain. It can also restrict physical activity. Gynecomastia is excessive breast development in boys. Excess tissue is removed from the breast to make for a more masculine body. This condition may disappear at the end of puberty.Surgery usually becomes an option if gynecomastia has been present for more than two years or if the problem is severe. According to the American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ASAPS) it can become a big psychological problem for teenage boys. According to the Consumer Guide to Plastic Surgery, there are plastic surgery procedures that teens should avoid. Teens should avoid breast enhancements, liposuction, cheek i mplants and botox. When it comes to breast enhancements, only saline-filled breast implants are used in teens.By law, in the United States a teen has to be at least eighteen years old to get breast implants, and this is because the breast may still be developing. There are some exceptions to this rule; such as if a teen is born with a congenital defect, there is trauma, or a disease that may require breast reconstruction. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved silicone-filled breast implants only for women twenty-two years or older, but it can be used for breast reconstruction in women of all ages† (Mann, 2012, para. 9).Liposuction is not recommended for teens. Some teens may lose baby fat as they mature. Spot reduction is a liposuction procedure that is commonly used in teens. It removes fat pockets from specific areas of the body. This is an option when a teen has tried diet and exercise without success. â€Å"Liposuction should never be used to treat obesity in te ens, or be considered a substitute for diet and exercise (Mann, 2012, para. 10). Cheek implants may not work well to make a teen’s appearance better because facial features can still be developing.Botox is only approved for people at least eighteen years old, yet a mom on a reality show â€Å"Toddler’s and Tiara’s† that recently made headlines, takes her eight year old daughter who is in beauty pageants for regular botox injections and takes her waxing as well. There are several things that the parents, teens, and even the doctors need to consider before deciding on plastic surgery. The first thing that all parties should consider is who desires the plastic surgery. It should be one hundred percent the teen’s choice.It should not be parents, friends, or boyfriends and girlfriends. â€Å"Teens who are encouraged to have surgeries by families and friends when they are not interested are poor candidates for plastic surgery,† says Malcolm D. Pau l, MD, president-elect of the American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ASAPS) and a plastic surgeon (WebMD, 2004, p. 2 para. 2). Parents need to consider if their child is serious about the surgery. If they are inconsistent and change from wanting their ears done one day and their nose done the next, they are not a good candidate for plastic surgery.Parents also have to make sure that the teen has realist expectations. Some teens may think a new nose or bigger breasts will change their life. They may think it will make them more popular or open the door to more social outlets. â€Å"While the correct procedure in the correct teen may bring about positive changes in self-esteem, teen plastic surgery does not guarantee a fairy tale ending† (Mann, 2012, para 8). Doctors usually do a more extensive evaluation on teens wanting plastic surgery than they would a mature adult coming in for the same procedure.Most board-certified plastic surgeons will spend a lot of time interv iewing teens to make sure they are mature enough to handle surgery. Plastic surgeons will rule out teens who have psychological problems, such as a teen with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). People with this disorder believe they are unusually ugly. BDD should not be treated by having plastic surgery. It needs to be treated by a mental health professional. â€Å"The ASPS does not recommend cosmetic surgery for teens that are prone to mood swings or erratic behavior, who abuse drugs and/or alcohol, or who are being treated for a mental illness† (Markowitz, 2010, para. ). There are some unconscionable plastic surgeons who may capitalize on a teenager who is obsessed with their appearance. They may also capitalize on those whose parents are set on having â€Å"the perfect child. † There are plenty of statistics out on the subject of teens and plastic surgery. According to the American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS) there were nearly 219,000 cosmetic procedures performe d on people age thirteen to nineteen years of age in 2010. In 2010, there were 4,153 breast augmentation procedures on women eighteen and under, which accounts for 1. percent of the total number of breast augmentation procedures in the United States (ASAPS, 2012, para. 5). According to Diana Zuckerman, Ph. D. research indicates that breast augmentation patients are four times more likely to commit suicide than other plastic surgery patients (Markowitz, 2012, para. 5). This raises questions about the mental health of women who want implants. There are no laws in the United States governing the minimum age for cosmetic procedures. The only real law pertaining to teens and plastic surgery is that the U. S.Food and Drug Administration does not approve cosmetic saline implants for women under eighteen (Markowitz, 2012, para. 2). In the United Kingdom, a teen has to be at least sixteen years of age for any breast augmentations or related surgery. There are negative factors to consider whe n it comes to teens having plastic surgery. As with any surgical procedure, the cost is very expensive. Most insurances do not cover cosmetic procedures. There are plenty of risks and complications involved as well. For example, a 17 year old Florida teen died after having breast surgery.Doctors said the cause of her death was malignant hyperthermia, which is a rare metabolic condition that can be triggered by certain anesthesia. It raises a patient’s heart rate and metabolism, causing the body temperature to rise as high as 112 degrees. Some believe she was too young to handle the anesthesia (Rose, 2008, para. 3). There are some negative psychological effects as well. Some teens are chasing a false perception, and end up not being happy with the end result. Some believe teens will become addicted to plastic surgery, and think of it as a quick fix.There are some psychological benefits as well. Teens gain self-esteem and confidence when their physical problems are corrected. M any teens welcome the changes because it can mean being in a less bullied state, which can lead to normal life. Fixing these conditions can alleviate teasing and bullying. Another benefit to plastic surgery is that it fixes deformities and body parts, making them functional. A common deformity that plastic surgeons fix is cleft palates. A cleft palate is a certain facial deformity that prevents a child from using the mouth properly.This can affect their ability to eat, drink, and talk. Sometimes a plastic surgeon can repair this deformity to improve the child’s appearance as well as the functionality of the affected body part. I am about 95 percent against children and teens having plastic surgery. I only agree with it if it is for the purpose of restoring the function of body parts. Teen’s bodies are not fully developed at that age, and most likely their bodies will change for the better. I also don’t believe teens are mature enough to be making a decision that poses risks and that will change their appearance forever.References Cosmetic Surgery. (2007). Thefreedictionary. com. Retrieved from http://medical-dictionary. thefreedictionary. com/Cosmetic+Surgery Markowitz, Andrea. (2010, June 1). Too young for cosmetic surgery?. Retrieved from http://www. southflorida. com/specialsection/teenlinks/sns-health-young-cosmetic-surgery,0,7776311. story American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. (2012). Teens and plastic surgery. Retrieved from http://www. surgery. org/media/news-releases/teens-and-plastic-surgery American Society of Plastic Surgeons. (2011). Plastic surgery for teenagers briefing paper.Retrieved from http://www. plasticsurgery. org/news-and-resources/briefing-papers/plastic-surgery-for-teenagers. html Rose. (March 28, 2008). Florida teen dies after breast surgery. Retrieved from http://www. zimbio. com/Stephanie+Kuleba/articles/4/Florida+Teen+Dies+After+Breast+Surgery WebMD. (2004). Is plastic surgery a teen thing? Retrieved from http://www. webmd. om/healthy-beauty/features/is-plastic-surgery-teen-thing Mann Denise. (2012) Teen plastic surgery: special report. Retrieved from http://www. yourplasticsurgeryguide. com/trends/teen-plastic-surgery. htm

Essay about The Changing Goals of Communism - 602 Words

nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The original goals of communism, a perfect proletariat society, transformed over time; from the revolutionary thinking of Karl Marx to the murderous communist dictatorships of V.I. Lenin and Joseph Stalin. In the original Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engles, the orignal idea of communism and socialism was to form a perfect proletariat society, where there were no classes and all people lived as equals together. Over the years, the original idea of peace and equality for all was transformed and molded to fit a certain person or groups personal interests. The peaceful society idea never worked out at all in a country like Russia. Rulers like Stalin and Lenin not only did not carry out†¦show more content†¦There were not only many divisions between the proletariat movement, but in some cases fighting broke up. This just driving a greater wedge between two groups of proletariats, and creating larger and lasting divisions in the movement. Marx said a united communist front would be successful, there was no unity in the communist movement in Russia. Eventually the idea that only one specific proletariat party could have power led to bloody purges of opposition and uprisings throughout the country. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Early communist thinkers stressed that a proletariat takeover of a government should be a peaceful one, not the overall blood bath of the takeover and the purges in Russia. The process of a communist takeover involves that formation of one single classless society, where everyone is a proletariat. To do this, the party must â€Å"rid† the country of the bourgeoisie class and other non-worker classes. I believe the original plan to accomplish this involved the gradual changes from the upper class to worker. Not the quick, bloody liquidation of a class like that of the Kulaks. Even though Stalin ideas of forming one united worker class went along with original communist plans, his way of achieving this did not. He asks the question in â€Å"The Collectivization and Liquidation of the Kulaks† (pg.271)Show MoreRelatedGeorge Orwell s Animal Farm Essay1420 Words   |  6 Pagesthe reality of communism and reflects his opinions through sardonic situat ions that occur among animals. The state of communism that Marx and Friedrich Engels describe is where the state is abolished, people live in a society where members work together in agreement and no one is exploited, and every member shares the rewards of hard work. The envisions of Marx greatly contrasted with the plot of Animal Farm. Old Major, a pig, had a dream that mirrored Marx and his dream of communism. This â€Å"dream†Read MoreGeorge Orwell s Animal Farm Essay1581 Words   |  7 Pagesthe reality of communism and reflects his opinions through sardonic situations that occur among animals. 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HoweverRead MoreThe Cold War Between The United States And The Soviet Union861 Words   |  4 Pagesweapon that was used was a religious revival. The goal of this revival in religion was to bring on a fight against communism and become more patriotic in doing so with religion. Many big names came out of this and ideas came out of this time changing how we connect to people. Many evangelists lik e Billy Graham and Fultan J. Sheen used forms of media such as radio and television to reach out to people and spread the evils of the world including communism. Many great gatherings such as Graham’s Los AngelesRead MoreThe Great Depression Of The Twentieth Century1423 Words   |  6 Pagesimpacted the outcome of the twentieth century and changing urban form. Among the horror that erected in this time period, the communist movement is often forgotten. The change in political platforms, inspired by the Theory of Communism by Karl Marx was theoretically perfect. However when ____ (number of countries that used communism) adopted communism, its universal failure resulted in the misunderstanding and contempt of human nature . Communism was well designed for military strength and intimidationRead MoreThe Rise and Fall of Communism1465 Words   |  6 PagesEveryone would like to live in a perfect society, and in Germany, Karl Marx set out to do just that by creating the governme nt system known as Communism. Though, this system has failed in many countries all over the world because of many significant flaws in the very foundation of the system. Some of the most feared probabilities in society that Communism was created to eliminate still prevailed and were at the heart of the system’s downfall. If the system was infallible, why were so many of itsRead MoreThe Development Of The Communist Manifesto In The European1083 Words   |  5 Pagesanalysis of the communist manifesto developed by Marx and its significance in the achievements of certain goals. 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Despite this, however, he insistsRead MoreMarxist Theory on Crime and Punishment Essays742 Words   |  3 Pagesociety†.  Ã‚  With  this  theory,  Marx  had  a  great  impact  on Russian  literatureÍ ¾Ã‚  specifically,  Ã‚  Fyodor  Dostoyevskys  Crime  and  Punishment.  Ã‚  According  the  the Marxist  theory,  one  would  interpret  Crime  and  Punishment  as  a  perfect  example  to  the  rise  of communism.  Ã‚  This  novel  embodies  the  Marxist  theory  because  it  is  a  proclamation  of  a  proletariat,  being that  Raskolnikov  is  out  of  place  in  society,  struggling  from   a  paralyzing  poverty  and  has  a  craving  for fighting  for  the  common  good  among  a  society  of  unjust  peopleRead MoreCommunist Manifesto : Understanding Today s World1429 Words   |  6 PagesCommunist Manifesto in Understanding Today’s World Introduction What is Communism? How has Communism shaped the today’s world as it is? Is Communist Manifesto still applicable in the current world? Karl Marx and Fredrich Engels published the Communist Manifesto in 1848, and the manifesto had a great influence on the world history that the world would be a different place if the manifesto would not have been published. In this paper, I will summarize the arguments made in the manifesto to help theRead MoreThe Cold War On The World948 Words   |  4 Pagestensions, competition between communism democracy changing the world politically, economically, and socially as well as fear. One of the many effects that brought changes to politics around the world. Khrushchev along with The Soviet Union(USSR) exposed communism to the world, â€Å"To attempt to enforce its will on non-communist countries (Berlin and Laos are current examples)† (Doc. 6,II). The USSR pushed its rule around the world in an attempt to spread communism especially between Europe and Southeast